A conductor is a material that permits the easy flow of electric current. This is primarily due to its unique atomic structure. In materials like metals, the outermost electrons of each atom, known as "free electrons," are not tightly bound and can move freely throughout the material. When a voltage is applied, these free electrons are propelled in a particular direction, creating an electric current. This is the fundamental principle behind how our power line equipment and tools facilitate the efficient transmission of electricity.